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Resumo
This systematic review aimed to provide information on the effects of exercise programs on sensorimotor skills during the aging process, with relevance after the occurrence of COVID-19. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed to conduct this systematic review. The Science Direct, Scielo, PubMed/Medline and Scopus databases were used in the search, which started in May 2022, to identify publications focusing on physical training programs to improve sensorimotor skills in the older adults over 50 years. Therefore, a total of approximately 895 people aged between 60 and 85 years of age were included in this review. Interventions based on physical training programs had an average duration of 12 weeks. All sessions lasted an average of 15 to 50 minutes. Among the articles included, three were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), two were single-blind randomized controlled trials, and one employed a pre-post design with no control group. Specific results support the positive benefits of exercise programs through COVID-19 to improve physical, cognitive, social, and psychological health skills in older adults. Results include improvements in mood, anxiety, and health-related quality of life; however, they have increased body fat due to reduced daily physical activity (PA) and changes in daily diet. These results will update healthcare professionals and researchers on how to target a specific group characterized by aging. Therefore, it is critical to maintain physical activity during COVID-19 through specific voluntary and motivational skills that overcome COVID-19-specific barriers and increase motivation and success in physical activity.
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Referências
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Referências
Bacha, J. M. R., Cordeiro, L. R., Alvisi, T. C., & Bonfim, T. R. Impacto do treinamento sensório-motor com plataforma vibratória no equilíbrio e na mobilidade funcional de um indivíduo idoso com sequela de acidente vascular encefálico: Relato de caso. Fisioterapia e Pesquisa, v.23, n.1, p.111–116, 2016. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-2950/14362423012016
Cabo, C., Fernandes, O., & Parraça, J. Physical training programs improve sensorimotor skills in older people: systematic review with relevance to COVID-19. PROSPERO 2022 CRD42022333326 Available from: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022333326
Chaabene, H., Prieske, O., Herz, M., Moran, J., Höhne, J., Kliegl, R., Ramirez-Campillo, R., Behm, D. G., Hortobágyi, T., & Granacher, U. Home-based exercise programmes improve physical fitness of healthy older adults: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis with relevance for COVID-19. Ageing Research Reviews, v.67, p.101265, 2021. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2021.101265
Corley, J., Okely, J. A., Taylor, A. M., Page, D., Welstead, M., Skarabela, B., Redmond, P., Cox, S. R., & Russ, T. C. Home Garden use during COVID-19: Associations with physical and mental wellbeing in older adults. Journal of Environmental Psychology, v.73, p.101545, 2021. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2020.101545
Das, M., & Bhattacharyya, A. Social distanciation through COVID-19: A narrative analysis of Indian Peri-Urban Elderly. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, v.4, n.1, p.100139, 2021. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2021.100139
Dupuy, E. G., Besnier, F., Gagnon, C., Vincent, T., Grégoire, C.-A., Blanchette, C.-A., Saillant, K., Bouabdallaoui, N., Iglesies-Grau, J., Payer, M., Marin, M.-F., Belleville, S., Juneau, M., Vitali, P., Gayda, M., Nigam, A., & Bherer, L. COVEPIC (Cognitive and spOrt Virtual EPIC training) investigating the effects of home-based physical exercise and cognitive training on cognitive and physical functions in community-dwelling older adults: Study protocol of a randomized single-blinded clinical trial. Trials, v.22, n.1, p.505, 2021. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-021-05476-2
Ferrucci, L., Cooper, R., Shardell, M., Simonsick, E. M., Schrack, J. A., & Kuh, D. Age-Related Change in Mobility: Perspectives From Life Course Epidemiology and Geroscience. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, v.71, n.9, p.1184–1194, 2016. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glw043
INE. Portal do Instituto Nacional de Estatística, 2017. Internet. Available from: https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_desta-que&DESTAQUESdest_boui=277695619&DESTAQUESmodo=2. Access in: 4 May. 2022
Ready, E. A. Optimizing Gait Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease with Auditory Cues: The Effects of Synchronization, Groove, and Beat Perception Ability. 2019. Dissertation - The University of Western Ontario, 2019.
Rezende, A. A. B., Silva, I. L. e, Beresford, H., & Batista, L. A. Avaliação dos efeitos de um programa sensório-motor no padrão da marcha de idosas. Fisioterapia em Movimento, v.25, n.2, p.317–324, 2012. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-51502012000200009
Ribeiro, O. C. F., Santana, G. J. de, Tengan, E. Y. M., Silva, L. W. M. da, & Nicolas, E. A. Os Impactos da Pandemia da Covid-19 no Lazer de Adultos e Idosos. LICERE - Revista do Programa de Pós-graduação Interdisciplinar em Estudos do Lazer, v.23, n.3, p.391–428, 2020. Available from: https://doi.org/10.35699/2447-6218.2020.25456
Rosa, B. P. de. S. Envelhecimento, Força Muscular e Atividade Física: Uma breve revisão bibliográfica. Revista Científica FacMais, v.2, n.1, p.140–152, 2012.
Suzuki, K., Niitsu, M., Kamo, T., Otake, S., & Nishida, Y. Effect of Exercise with Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation on Muscle Coordination and Gait Stability in Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, v.7, n.3, p.79–91, 2019. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4236/ojtr.2019.73005
Thiel, A., Sudeck, G., Niess, A., Eschweiler, G. W., Altmeier, D., Haigis, D., Pomiersky, R., Schmid, J., & Frahsa, A. BaSAlt—A mixed-methods study protocol on setting-based physical activity promotion and counseling in nursing homes. Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications, v.23, p.100828, 2021. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conctc.2021.100828
Tranfield, D., Denyer, D., & Smart, P. Towards a Methodology for Developing Evidence-Informed Management Knowledge by Means of Systematic Review. British Journal of Management, v.14, n.3, p.207–222, 2003. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.00375
Verghese, J., Mahoney, J. R., Ayers, E., Ambrose, A., Wang, C., & Holtzer, R. Computerised cognitive remediation to enhance mobility in older adults: A single-blind, single-centre, randomised trial. The Lancet Healthy Longevity, v.2, n.9, p.e571–e579, 2021. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-7568(21)00173-2
Vitale, J. A., Bonato, M., Borghi, S., Messina, C., Albano, D., Corbetta, S., Sconfienza, L. M., & Banfi, G. Home-Based Resistance Training for Older Subjects during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy: Preliminary Results of a Six-Months RCT. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, v.17, n.24, p.9533, 2020. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249533
Wong, T. K. K., Ma, A. W. W., Liu, K. P. Y., Chung, L. M. Y., Bae, Y.-H., Fong, S. S. M., Ganesan, B., & Wang, H.-K. Balance control, agility, eye–hand coordination, and sport performance of amateur badminton players: A cross-sectional study. Medicine, v.98, n.2, p.e14134, 2019. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000014134